This material is taken from:
The reading ways of Quran dictionary: (moa'agim alqera'at alqura'nia):
This is an Arabic book written by Islamic scholars and published by
Kuwait University in 8 volumes, first edition 1982 (Arabic) the authors:
Dr. Abdal'al Salem Makrem
Dr. Ahmed Mokhtar Omar
They are Arabic language professors in Kuwait Univ.
The publisher is: Zat Alsalasel - Kuwait
Introduction:
There is a lot of Quran books [massahif] written till the day of Othman
Ibn Afaan, he burn the other books and he keep one authorized copy.
For example there is:
1- Quran according to Ali bin abi talib
2- According to Ibn Mass'oud
3- According to Aobi bin ka'ab
That does not mean that these people WRITE the Quran; this does mean that
they are a references for how the Quran could be read.
There is 7 ways to read the Quran (according to the verse about the 7
letters in the Quran [alssib' ailmithani]) + 3 other ways "completed"
(mokimila) + 4 additional, they call it abnormal [shaza].
The 7 ways readers and their disciple:
1- Nafaa': Qalon + Warsh
2- Ibn Kathir: Albizi + Qonbil
3- Abi amro: Aldori + Alsosi
4- Ibn Amer: Ibn Aban + Ibn Thkwan
5- Assemm: Abo Biker + Hafas
6- Alkessa'i: Allith + Aldori
7- Hamza: Albizaz + Abo Isa Alsirfi
The 3 ways readers and there disciple:
1- Abo Ji'faar: Ibn Wardan + Ibn Jmaz
2- Yaccob: Rois + Roh
3- Khalif: Almrozi + Iddres
The 4 ways readers and their disciple:
1- Ibn Mohisn: Albizi + Ibn Shinboz
2- Alyazidi: Soliman Ibn Alhakam + Ahmed Bin Farah
3- Alhassan Albassry: Abo Na'im Albalkhi + Aldori
4- Ala'mash: Amotodi + Alshinbzi Alshttaoi
The differences is:
1- spelling
2- tone (harkat)
3- A'rab (Arabic grammar)
4- using a similar word but different (like FIGHT, KILL)
5- changing place of words.
6- adding or removing words.
What I'm trying to say is clear; nobody could say that there is one Quran.
I'm trying to make Muslims notice that the Quran is not "filohen mahfouz"
or "in saved plates".
If it was one; so why are all these different in it. Muslims not accept
the Gospel; because it is officially four. They want the original Gospel.
They not accept the word "according to ..." but they have it.
Today's Quran which all we use is according to Obi IBM Kanab.
What do I mean?
Let us look at three examples from Sura Maryam.
1- First example: Sura Maryam 19:19
[English translation based on the one done by Rashad Khalifa]
* Hafs text reads:
He said, "I am the messenger of your Lord,
to GRANT (who does grant?: the angel) you a pure son."
The Arabic word: li'ahaba
* Naafa', Abo 'mro, Qalon, Warsh ... read:
He said, "I am the messenger of your Lord,
to GRANT (who does grant?: Lord) you a pure son."
The Arabic word: liyihaba
* Albahr Almohit, "Alkishaf" a book by al-Zamakhshari:
He said, "I am the messenger of your Lord,
HE ORDERED ME TO GRANT YOU a pure son."
The Arabic words: amarani 'n 'haba
2- Second example: Sura Maryam 19:25
[English translation based on the one done by Yusuf Ali.]
* Hafs text reads:
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
IT WILL LET FALL fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: toosaqit
* Hamza, Al'mish:
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
FALL fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: tasaaqat
* Assem, alkiss'ai, al'mish:
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
IT WILL FALL fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: yassaqat
* Abo Amro, Assem, Nafi':
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
WILL FALL fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: tassaqat
* Abo Nahik, Abo Haii:
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
IT FALL fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: tosqt
* "Al'e'rab" a book for Alnahas:
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
WE WILL FALL fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: nosaqit
* Massrouq
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
IT WILL FALL [someone unknown will let fall] fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: yosaqit
* Abo Haiia:
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
IT FALL fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: tasqwt
* Abo Haiia
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
FALL fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: yasqwt
* Abo Haiia:
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
IT WILL FALL one by one] fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: tatasaqat
* Abo Alsmal:
And shake towards thyself the trunk of the palm-tree:
FALLING fresh ripe dates upon thee.
The Arabic word: yosqt
3- Third example: Maryam 19:26
[English translation based on the one done by Yusuf Ali.]
* Zid Bin Ali:
So eat and drink and cool (thine) eye. And if thou dost see any man,
say, 'I have vowed a FAST to (Allah) Most Gracious, and this day
will I enter into no talk with any human being'
The Arabic being: syaman
* Abed Allah Bin Massoud, Aniss Bin Malek:
So eat and drink and cool (thine) eye. And if thou dost see any man,
say, "I have vowed a SILENCE to (Allah) Most Gracious, and this day
will I enter into not talk with any human being."
The Arabic being: samten
* Aobi Bin Ka'ab, Aniss Bin Malek:
So eat and drink and cool (thine) eye. And if thou dost see any man,
say, "I have vowed a SILENT FAST to (Allah) Most Gracious, and this day
will I enter into not talk with any human being."
The Arabic being: swmen samten
* Aniss Bin Malek
So eat and drink and cool (thine) eye. And if thou dost see any man,
say, "I have vowed a FAST AND SILENCE to (Allah) Most Gracious, and this day
will I enter into not talk with any human being."
The Arabic being: swmen wa samten
Feel free to enter into correspondence with me by sending email to khaled@exmuslim.com
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